Prepare the Crust: In a medium bowl, combine the Graham cracker crumbs and melted butter. Mix until well combined. Press the mixture firmly into the bottom of a 9-inch springform pan to form an even layer. Set aside in the refrigerator to firm up while preparing the filling.
Make the Cheesecake Filling: In a large mixing bowl, beat the softened cream cheese with an electric mixer until smooth. Gradually add the powdered sugar and vanilla extract, continuing to beat until fully incorporated.
Whip the Cream: In a separate bowl, whip the heavy cream on medium-high speed until stiff peaks form. Gently fold the whipped cream into the cream cheese mixture until fully combined, being careful not to deflate the whipped cream.
Add Apples and Cinnamon: In a separate bowl, mix the diced apples with cinnamon and half of the caramel sauce. Fold this apple mixture into the cheesecake filling, ensuring the apples are evenly distributed.
Assemble the Cheesecake: Pour the apple cheesecake filling over the prepared crust, smoothing the top with a spatula. Drizzle the remaining caramel sauce on top of the filling, creating a swirled effect if desired.
Chill: Cover the cheesecake with plastic wrap and refrigerate for at least 4 hours, or preferably overnight, to set.
Serve: Once set, carefully remove the sides of the springform pan. Slice the cheesecake and serve chilled. If desired, sprinkle chopped nuts on top for added texture and flavor.